Please ask each participant to complete a separate questionnaire by indicating a response from 1 to 5 beneath each question. To link to the entire object, paste this link in email, im or document to embed the entire object, paste this html in website to link to this page, paste this link in email, im or document to embed this page, paste this html in website. In study 3, the authors surveyed 184 college students and found support for. The relationship among social connectedness, meaning in. Assessment of awareness of connectedness as a culturally. The scale contains 20 selfreport items 10 positive and 10 negative covering three factors. Stedman and caroline paynepurvis university of florida abstract. The mac includes subscales of 15 ecological worlds and four composite scales. The surveys administered were the social connectedness scale, the. Another frequently used measure is the school connectedness scale scs. A school connectedness scale for use with adolescents article pdf available in educational research and evaluation 172. Social connectedness scale revised scsr the scsr assesses ones feeling of interpersonal closeness with others. As hypothesized, social connectedness fully mediated the association between extraversion and subjective wellbeing.
Measure of adolescent connectedness mac consists of 72 items designed to measure the adolescents degree of caring for and involvement in fifteen relationships and institutional contexts. This dissertation, the relationship among social connectedness, meaning in life, and wellness for adult women in levinsons midlife transition stage, by karin l. Ucs total score sum of ucs1 ucs19 after items 1, 3, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12 and have been reverse scored. Average social connectedness and social support by sociodemographic. Its hard for me to use my skills and talents without someone beside me. The scale has been found to have good reliability, with cronbach alphas of. We support the premise that scientific measurement tools for assessing risk, resiliency, and change among native americans can and should be based on cultural notions of disorder, wellness, and healing.
Development of the student sense of connectedness scale sscs the development of the sscs drew on various sources. Social connectedness, extraversion, and subjective well. This scale has been used with adolescents from grade 8 upwards and is most appropriate for adolescent populations. Studies 1 and 2 describe the revision and validation of the scs on separate samples of college students. University connectedness scale, manuscript submitted for publication. Asset pricing, corporate finance, development of the american economy, economic fluctuations and growth, international trade and investment, law and economics, labor studies, public economics. Implications for research, interventions and positive impacts on adolescent health helps to describe the many ways that parents matter in improving their teen childrens odds for success. Scale in the deployment risk and resilience inventory2 drri2 section.
The scmn purports to measure a subjective sense of closeness and belonging to mainstream society, whereas the sceth measures a subjective sense of closeness and belonging to one s own ethnic community. Scoring likert scale 1 not at all to 7 all the time items 1, 3, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12 and are reverse scored. Measuring students sense of connectedness with school. The 6item scale was originally developed for the add health longitudinal study and has been used in several studies in some cases omitting one of the original items. Despite its high internal item consistency and construct validity, the scale has psychometric limitations, including all negatively worded items and a negative skewness in the response distribution. Measures proved to be highly reliable and unidimensional. Measuring social connectedness michael bailey, ruiqing rachel cao, theresa kuchler, johannes stroebel, arlene wong. Psychometric properties and relationship to psychopathology.
The scs is the only selfreport scale available that measures social connectedness as defined above. Social connectedness is not seen as an important social issue by men, and the link to other social issues is not readily recognised or understood. In recent years, concord high, california, with the support of the university of california at davis, initiated efforts to create smaller learning communities on their large campus. Social connectedness, social appraisal, and perceived. Hinson the university of western ontario graduate program in psychology. Selfcompassion entails being kind and understanding toward oneself in instances of pain or failure rather than being harshly selfcritical.
Connectedness of atrisk adolescents attending communitybased afterschool programs tina loughlin, rosemary v. Rate the degree to which you agree or disagree with each statement using the following scale 1 strongly disagree and 6 strongly agree. The scale consists of 16 items rated on a 5point likert scale, from 1 strongly disagree to 5 strongly agree and is scored by creating a mean of the 16 items, with scores ranging from one to five, with higher scores indicating a stronger connectedness to nature than lower scores. The 78 item measure of adolescent connectedness, version 5. Social connectedness may be one factor that helps to explain unemployment disparities found among white and black adults.
The assumption being, social connectedness and belonging are key to quality of life 12. The latent construct of connectedness to the lgbt community was assessed through agreement with the eight items that are indicators of various ways one can feel connected with the lgbt community. Investigation of social connectedness in a college. Connection is the energy that exists between people when they feel seen, heard and valued. The social connectedness scalerevised scsr the scsr is a 20item, 6point likert scale used to measure social connectedness as a psychological sense of belonging. Stephan mayer, cynthia mcpherson frantz department of psychology, oberlin college, oberlin, oh 44074, usa abstract five studies assessed the validity and reliability of the connectedness to nature scale cns, a new measure of individuals trait. The cultural connectedness scale and its relation to positive mental health among first nations youth angela snowshoe the university of western ontario supervisor dr. Social connectedness and the quality of life in chronically ill patients. Social connectedness, dysfunctional interpersonal behaviors, and. Evidence of initial construct validity zimmerman and nimon 29 the second scale of the ccs, connectedness, is defined as the feeling of belonging and acceptance and the creation of bonding relationships rovai, 2002b, p. School connectedness national mentoring resource center.
This trait is predictive of responsible environmental behavior and subjective wellbeing. This scale consists of 5 items that assess the extent to which the youth feels a sense of connectedness to his or her community, perceives that they are cared for, trusted, and respected by adults, and feels that this sense of connectedness. The importance of feeling connected to others can be placed only behind safety needs and basic. The social connectedness and the social assurance scales article pdf available in journal of counseling psychology 422. Educational research and evaluation, v17 n2 p8595 2011. The social connectedness and the social assurance scales.
Eric ej933418 a school connectedness scale for use. Community connectedness national mentoring resource center. It involves feeling loved, cared for, and valued, and forms the basis of interpersonal relationships. The scale measures an individuals perception of self in relation to the social environment, using 20 selfreport items 10.
Five of the measures using likerttype scales reported using a 6point. Social connectedness as a construct is receiving increasing attention across a number of disciplines, and researchers are progressively taking seriously the task of describing and operationalizing what it means to be socially connected as well as determining how these connections affect other spheres of human experience. Social connectedness and indigenous approaches to care and. This research investigated the relationship between adolescent afterschool program attendance, selfesteem and. Pdf a school connectedness scale for use with adolescents. Investigation of social connectedness in a college population and. Scale functions are described and results are discussed in light of current research and theory. This manual provides information on a measure of adolescent connectedness. This scale assesses the degree to which youth feel connected to others in their social environment. The cs4 danielson and phelps, 2003 is a 21item measure in which children are asked to rate own social behavior on a 5point likerttype scale 1never, 2 hardly ever, 3sometimes, 4most of the time, and 5always. N2 this study examined the effects of social connectedness, social appraisal of the campus climate, and perceived stress of college women and men. Internal reliability estimates for the 2 scales were. Smithson, was prepared under the direction of the candidates dissertation advisory committee.
Evaluators are frequently asked to assess the effectiveness of school programs implemented to improve academic achievement. Adolescent perceptions of family connectedness and school. Before using this scale, researchers are asked to fill out this permission form. A core message of this social identity approach to health is that we need to redress the imbalance in the. Validation of social connectedness in mainstream society. Participants respond using a sixpoint likert scale ranging from strongly disagree to strongly agree. We assessed connectedness to the lgbt community using the 8item measure presented in table 1. Social connectedness is defined by frequency of contact with others, personal relationships, and engagement in the community. Selfesteem and feelings of community connectedness of at.
School connectedness has been shown to be directly related to. Investigation of social connectedness in a college populauon and its relationship to perceived stress and health symptoms an abundance of literature has been published discussing the relation of many factors to an individuals perceived stress. Measuring community connectedness among diverse sexual. Social assurance correlated with ones reliance on other people. The vancouver foundations connections and engagement survey, i conducted in 2012, measured social connectedness by items such as feeling alone, the number of close friends in ones neighbourhood, getting together with. This paper describes the development of the awareness of connectedness scale acs. The social connectedness scale and the social assurance scale were constructed with a splitsample procedure on 626 college students. Social connection is the experience of feeling close and connected to others. This scale is a selfreport measure of social engagement including family and friends. Social connectedness and indigenous approaches to care and support a research brief for policymakers and practitioners working with children in southern africa indigenous knowledge systems iks are an important source for interventions that aim to support children living in difficult circumstances. For the lgb sample, there were significant direct effects between extraversion and life satisfaction b 0. Following are a number of statements that reflect various ways in which we view ourselves.
Developed two selfreport measures of belongingness social connectedness and social assurance based on self psychology theory. Connectedness characterizes the intensity of the relationships that viewers develop with. The consumption of television programming is of particular interest to consumer researchers because of the potential influence of television characters as referent others. T1 social connectedness, social appraisal, and perceived stress in college women and men. Ab the study developed 2 measures of belongingness based on h. Higher scores indicate greater levels of social connectedness and belongingness. The second version is the 57 item adolescent, version 5. This article defines the construct of selfcompassion and describes the development of the selfcompassion scale. In summary, strong family and school support is essential for adolescent health and wellbeing and most youth will ultimately benefit from high levels of involvement with supportive, nurturing adults. The studentschool connectedness scale sscs was found to have moderate.
1006 1268 1426 1318 953 568 909 1257 140 1353 920 931 1170 133 1078 1290 946 882 57 1211 669 991 46 776 649 1140 58 601 312 641 1547 960 439 550 161 583 1314 628 805 1234 910 672 1224 917 472 270