Concrete blocks are produced in a large variety of shapes and sizes. The properties of sandcrete block depends to a varying degree on the type and. Introduction sandcrete blocks are products of fine aggregate, portland cement and water in a prescribed mix ratio proportions. Effect of sugarcane bagasse ash on the engineering. Pdf sandcrete blocks comprise of natural sand, water and binder. If you want to build a residential or commercial house, you had better mould your own blocks rather than buy from moulders.
The definition has made no distinction between hollow and solid sandcrete blocks. The nis specified two types of blocks, types a load bearing and type b non load bearing and these blocks can also be solid or hollow. Sandcrete blocks and quality management in nigeria. Full length research paper a study of the preference level. Sandcrete blocks possess an intrinsic low compressive strength making them susceptible to any tragedy such as seismic activity.
Sandcrete blocks and bricks are masonry units manufactured from a mixture of cement, sand and water, and it plays a crucial role in the building construction. Hollow blocks are the most common type of concrete blocks, having one or more holes that are open at both sides. Sandcrete is similar but weaker than mortar, for which the ratio is circa 1. Masonry studies in various parts of nigeria revealed that the majority of blocks do not meet the.
Pdf compressive strength of sandcrete blocks orjinta. Calcium silicate blocks shall comply with bs en 771. Jul 02, 2018 concrete blocks in general, are also known as concrete units for masonry concrete masonry units or cmu in english or masonry blocks. Strength properties of commercially produces sandcrete blocks. Proper curing and suitable selection of constituent materials was suggested to improve on the quality of sandcrete blocks. And also that the strongness and weakness of a building depends solidly on the methods employed in moulding the bricks which are used in laying the foundation of a building. Other types of sandcrete blocks are decorative and ventilating blocks which are sandcrete blocks without. According to anosike and oyebade, 2012, two types of sandcrete blocks are specified by nis, type a load bearing blocks, and type b nonload bearing blocks. The load carrying capacity of hollow sandcrete blocks. Types of concrete blocks characteristics of different types. Compressive strength of manual and machine compacted sandcrete. The term precast refers to the fact that the blocks are formed and hardened before they are brought to the job site. Although hollow blocks of all the three sizes could be made using the same machinery. The poverty level amongst west african countries and particularly nigerian has made these blocks.
Keywordssandcrete blocks, compressive strength, aggregates, curing. Establishing the compressive strength of sandcrete blocks produced in the central region, ghana. Pdf assessment of sandcrete blocks manufacturers compliance. The strength of sandcrete blocks depend upon two major factors, namely. The essential ingredients of concrete are cement, aggregate sand, gravel and water. The common size of concrete blocks is 39cm x 19cm x 30cm or 20 cm or 10cm or 2 inch, 4 inch, 6 inch, 8 inch, 10 inch and. Mar 03, 2015 sandcrete blocks are widely used in nigeria as walling units and over 90% of houses in nigeria are being constructed of sandcrete blocks. Sandcrete is a yellowwhite building material made from a binder typically portland cement, sand in a ratio of circa 1. The effects of production methods on the compressive strength. The study recommends a reduction in the cementsand and cementclay mix. Among the objectives of this nis document are to ensure. In use from the 1940s onwards, dense aggregate blocks are very much the workhorse of the construction industry. Now, if you want to build a concrete block or concrete masonry unit you need to have an understanding about checklist to compliance to the approved project documents such as blockwork shop drawing, method statement for blockwork, and inspection and test plan so, if you want to know more about concrete block or concrete masonry units here are the most common type of concrete blocks used in.
Also uniaxial compressive strength of hollow sandcrete blocks is defined on the basis of the apparent area of the ascast face. Hollow sandcrete blocks are the common types of sandcrete blocks. Special shaped blocks, required to form proper bonding, which cannot be made in a standard blockmaking machine may be made in approved wooden moulds. A concrete block is primarily used as a building material in the construction of walls. The total void area can amount to 50% of the gross crosssectional area. Sandcrete blocks can be made either in solid and hollow rectangular types. Pdf establishing the compressive strength of sandcrete. Cement concrete hollow blocks are usually of the following three dimensions. Hollow sandcrete blocks containing a mixture of sand, cement and water are used extensively in many countries of the world especially in africa according to oyekan and kamiyo 2011. This paper investigates the strength characteristics of sandcrete blocks in yola 8 0 3647 n 12 0 1914 e metropolis. Approved sizes for sandcrete blocks specified by nis are presented in table 1.
Sandcrete blocks are masonry units made use of in all types of masonry constructions such as exterior and interior load bearing walls, fire walls, party walls, curtain walls, panel walls, partition, backings for other masonry, facing materials, fire proofing over structured. Quality assessment of hollow sandcrete blocks in the south. The results showed that the 28day compressive strengths of sandcrete blocks produced in calabar block industry range between 0. Compression tests on hollow sandcrete blocks are conventionally confined to the ascast face neglecting the other two orthogonal faces. Get tips from sakretes technical team to make sure every job is professional grade. A wide variety of sandcrete block making machine options are available to you, such as type, processing, and brick raw material.
Concrete blocks are manufactured in required shape and sizes and these may be solid or hollow blocks. Sandcrete blocks comprise of natural sand, water and binder. Sandcrete blocks and quality management in nigeria building. Specifications for moulding sandcrete blocks stipulates that the block is generally to be made in accordance with bs 2028.
This has necessitated producers of sandcrete blocks to produce blocks with low opc content that will be affordable to people and with much gain. Depending in the project, sandcrete blocks have became obvious useful in different types of civil engineering work in the past and recent times all sandcrete bricks have similar uses, their properties differ in some respect depending on the materials used and method of manufacture to understand these properties. In many parts of nigeria, sandcrete block is the major cost component of the most common buildings. Pdf sandcrete blocks and quality management in nigeria.
Okhuahie, ovia, ikpoba flood and okhoro erosion sands were collected for the study. Impact of vibration time on compressive strength of hardened. The purpose of this study is to see if varying the vibration time and sand type during moulding of blocks would affect the strength of the blocks. Compressive strength of manual and machine compacted. Cement, as a binder, is the most expensive input in to the production of sandcrete blocks. Thus, what is principally being examined in this paper is the impact of vibration time on the compressive strength of sandcrete blocks. How concrete block is made material, manufacture, used. Concrete blocks technical data short description concrete block construction has gained importance and has become a valid alternative to fired clay bricks. Sometimes other ingredients may be added to reduce the amount of expensive portland cement such as pozzolanas and rice husk ash. Costs of alternative methods of acquiring sandcrete blocks. Production process and necessary tests performed on both raw materials and sandcrete blocks are discussed in the following sections.
Concrete blocks and pavers mix design and manufacturing. Part 2 and shall have a minimum compressive strength of 5 nmm2 unless otherwise stated. Comparative study of cement stabilized clay brick and. Compressive strength of sandcrete blocks in bosso and shiroro. May 29, 2017 sandcrete manufacture could be for solid blocks, hollow blocks. Sandcrete block is a composite material made up of cement, sand, water, molded into different sizes 1. The nis specified two types of blocks, types a load bearing and type b nonload bearing and these blocks can also be solid or hollow. Nowadays there are a lot of sandcrete and concrete block industries all over the place. The use of mud blocks is now fast disappearing and giving way to the use of masonry units especially sandcrete blocks. The aggregates used for moulding the blocks were also collected and their particle sizes analysed. Assessment of properties of sandcrete blocks produced by. This makes sandcrete blocks a very important material in building construction. In the contrary, solid sandcrete block does not have any void.
It is sometimes called a concrete masonry unit cmu. From new construction to repair of concrete, asphalt or mortar, sakrete has the products you need to get the job done. Sandcrete blocks are largely used for load bearing and nonload bearing walls and foundations. Skip the pencil and paper use our calculators to make quick work of estimating.
Abstract 100mm and 125mm solid blocks are extensively used for building construction at idiroko area of ogun state in nigeria and environ with no record of known available data. Types of concrete blocks or concrete masonry units in. A study on the durability of solid sandcrete blocks samuel sunday omopariola department of works and services, the federal polytechnic, ilaro, nigeria. Hydraform block, usually solid, is a type of sandcrete block that could be. Solid blocks have no cavities, or according to us standards have no voids amounting to not more than 25% of the gross crosssectional area. Sandcrete blocks, compressive strength, aggregates, sieve analysis, grading, curing, materials. Types of brick used in construction the balance small business. Sandcrete block manufacturing and testing the constructor. Sandcrete blocks have been manufactured manually and mechanically to meet the need of building due to the discovery of cement. And when moulding, use one bag of cement for 30 blocks. The study concludes that interlocking masonry is a good replacement to the conventional types in construction of housing in nigeria. Also uniaxial compressive strength of hollow sandcrete blocks is defined on the basis of the apparent.
The sand and cement mixture is in the proportion of 6. Concrete blocks advantageous properties are reflected in their myriad of variations of strength, insulating and soundreducing properties. Concrete block masonry which is also known as concrete masonry unit cmu have advantages over brick and stone masonry. Concrete blocks there are two types of concrete blocks fig 1 solid and hollow concrete blocks 1 regular concrete blocks 2 hollow concrete blocks 2. The hollow blocks have a void that is approximately a third of the volume of the blocks. They are usually 450mm x 225mm x 225mm for load bearing walls and 450mm x 150mm x 225mm for non load bearing walls. They are usually 450mm x 225mm x 225mm for load bearing walls and 450mm x 150mm x 225mm for nonload bearing walls. So many are using wooden moulds or metal moulds and compaction is done manually with hand. Effect of sugarcane bagasse ash on the engineering properties. Sandcrete blocks are widely used as walling units in nigeria. The effectiveness and obstructs of sandcrete and concrete block in a foundation system abstract it is a clear fact that bricks play a vital role in a foundation system of a building. Types the standard concrete block is often divided into two. This study used fine aggregates and 54 sandcrete blocks approved types and sizes for sandcrete blocks specified by comprising 225 mm and 150 mm which. Blocks are those building unit used in the construction of walls and partitions.
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